Dan Anco Clemson Comments August 1 Peanut Notes No. 200 2025

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The following are comments from Dan Anco at Clemson. They are tailored for South Carolina production but apply to southeastern NC and to a degree much of the state.

Over 90% of peanuts are pegging as we enter August. Some of the earliest planted fields could be dug by the end of this month, pending final maturity development. In addition to all total farm management operations going on at this time, over the coming weeks it a good idea to start looking over harvest equipment and making any repairs as needed. Included in the attached pictures is a harvest equipment checklist that appeared in the recent edition of Southeastern Peanut Farmer magazine.
VBC Prevention

Another item we can keep in mind for counties in the central to southwestern portion of the state is including 2 fl oz/A Dimilin 2L in with fungicide applications as a preventative measure against velvetbean caterpillar. This can include the 90 DAP and sometimes 75 DAP applications. Dimilin has a 28 day PHI, so it cannot go out with all applications near the close of the season pending variety harvest dates. Velvetbean is easy to control if it does show up, but an inexpensive insurance application against its showing up can help to bring one less thing to worry about as fields near and enter the home stretch.

Heat Units
Heat unit progression of cumulative degree days (cDD, base 56 F) across the state in 2025 has been fairly close overall compared to last year so far, when considering the range of from April 20 through July 30. In Blackville, heat units are at 2074 cDD in 2025 (vs 2175 cDD last year) and 2177 cDD in Florence (vs 2043 cDD in 2024). A bigger difference can be seen in the rainfall depending on the area, with 26.2 inches received in Blackville so far in 2025 (vs 11.2 inch in 2024) and 12.3″ in 2025 in Florence (vs 15.5″ in 2024). Rainfall even across the street can be highly variable, which is one of the reasons we can sometimes see individual fields that are near each other in space and planting date show different maturities when we start to check them. Many of our runners require around 3050 cDD for maturity, and many Virginias require closer to 2700 cDD, so overall our heat accumulation is on track where rain has been available.
Calculators and corresponding weather data to help in pulling heat unit development from the Clemson Weather network of stations across the state.
Hopperburn
Some fields worse than others have developed yellow leaf tips characteristic of leafhopper feeding. The 20% threshold we have for considering a treatment would not hurt from being revisited, particularly for varieties where rank canopies are present. My thought on considering treating for hopperburn is looking at it on a case by case basis, since our available options for treatment are all broad spectrum (pyrethroids, for example) and carry a risk of flaring spider mites, which are more damaging and expensive and difficult to control. If the week ahead were to be a continuation of this past week, I would be reluctant to apply a treatment, even though much hopperburn in a field can make it painful to look at. That being said, the week ahead where we are sitting now is more favorable for reducing environmental conditions associated with spider mite risk. Namely, increased chances of rain with cloud cover and comparatively cooler temperatures are helpful in lowering our risk for spider mites. Previously we have made a note how folks have seen success in spraying a perimeter ring around a field to nip a leafhopper infestation before it spreads inward. If a field is showing prominent hopperburn (minimum 30% with leafhoppers still present), an application at this time should carry less risk, and it could be helpful to consider where the peanut are stressed or not yet lapped.
White Mold Growth

The attached pictures include white mold/stem rot mycelium and sclerotia at the soil line in a field of Emery. This particular field did not have fungicide applied to it. Even where fungicide has been applied in a field, even a very good program, it is not uncommon to be able to find some white mold where field pressure has been high in previous years, particularly when the environmental conditions of the current year have favored its development. This year has had conditions favorable for this disease. With both white mold and leaf spot disease control, our overall goal is for effective preventative management that keeps disease development at low and non-injurious levels. This is opposed to complete sterilization where no signs of fungal life can be seen. That being said, effective programs help to limit the spread of this disease and to protect crop health and maintain yield potential.

Field Day & Trade Show Save the Date – Sep 4
Save the date for the Peanut, Cotton, Vegetable & Fruit Field Day & Trade Show at Edisto REC, Thursday September 4. A flyer with the schedule is attached. Pesticide credits, CEU credits, and a catered lunch will be offered.
Twin Row Inoculant
Also attached are pictures from one of the twin row inoculant tests we are conducting. This field has not had peanut planted in it for at least 10 years. Classic nitrogen deficiency symptoms are not so readily visible currently, although where inoculant was completely left out the canopy can be seen to be a little smaller from where a full twin rate was applied. Results from this and a corresponding trial in a 2-year-out rotation will be shared during our winter meetings.
Side-by-side checklists for peanut digger and combine maintenance, listing pre-harvest and harvest season tasks from the Southeastern Peanut Farmer magazine, July/August 2025.Two line graphs comparing cumulative precipitation (cPrecip) and cumulative degree days (cDD) for 2025 and 2024 in Blackville and Florence, showing higher cDD and lower 2025 precipitation in both locations. Peanut plants with yellowed, curled leaf tips labeled as symptoms of hopperburn from potato leafhopper feeding; Virginia type cultivars noted as more susceptible.Field comparison of peanut plant density across four plots with different inoculant rates, showing “Ga 16HO twin row inoculant rates, 87 DAP”; visual differences suggest inoculant impact on plant growth.
Dan Anco

Extension Peanut Specialist and Associate Professor
Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences

Clemson University – Edisto Research and Education Center

64 Research Road

Blackville, SC 29817

630-207-4926 cell

danco@clemson.edu

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