Dan Anco Clemson Comments Peanut Notes No. 248 2025
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Collapse ▲The following is from a recent post by Dan Anco at Clemson.
Harvest has begun in several areas across the state, with this more so being the case for fields planted in April and where field digging conditions are forgiving enough. Maturity continues to vary across planting dates and where water was received or available. Dry soil conditions are a limiting factor in more than a few fields, and ideally, receiving a rain to soften hard ground will aid in reducing digging losses that can go from a few hundred pounds per acre and up, to also breaking less blades. The forecast is humble for the week ahead, a hint of a chance of rain mid next week. So far, most fields are not at the point of being at risk of over maturity, and so there is some leeway in waiting for a rain for many fields. For later planted and irrigated fields that still have some room to increase maturity, warmer daytime temperatures ahead into next week should help to continue with development. Current degree days at Blackville are 2934 cDD from April 20 to Sep 10 (vs 3105 in 2024), and 2926 cDD in Florence (vs 2927 in 2024).
Some parts of the state have gone between 14 to 19 days since receiving a rain greater than 0.1″. Wilt symptoms ranging from silver undersides showing, to severe wilting that does not recover through the day or night, to crispy brown leaves can be seen in small patches to large areas of some dryland fields, more where sand content is high. Leaf necrotic crisping can start as an irregular small blotchy spot that increases to cover the leaflet. Virginia varieties overall tend to express these symptoms more severely. Dryland management options include to pray, wait, and to do both. Application of a nutrition spray will not reverse wilt. Once plants wilt and dry to the point where the kernel separates from the hull and can be heard rattling when shaking, it is essentially unplugged and arrested from further maturity and weight gains. In most cases, this tends to be limited to occassional spots in a field or to individual pods on a plant.
Sclerotinia blight is a fungal disease caused, predominantly in neighboring regions, by Sclerotinia minor. This is a different fungus and disease than what we normally refer to as white mold or stem rot (caused by Agroathelia rolfsii, previously known as Sclerotium rolfsii). While this is a different disease and fungus, it similarly resides in the soil and causes infection from there. Cool & wet weather/high relative humidity conditions favor development of the disease, with favorable average daily temps between 65 to 70F. If peanut plants, for example, in Marion County, looked similar to the attached images, I would say they were infected with Sclerotinia blight. This is not considered a common or routinely occurring disease in SC. Accordingly, our standard disease management programs are primarily geared toward managing leaf spot and stem rot/white mold, and were Sclerotinia blight to be present in a field, modifications could be made to provide more direct protection. The fungus lives in the soil and can move on equipment; as such, washing off equipment between fields is a helpful measure if a field were suspected to harbor the disease. Rotation 4 years or more can help too. If infected vines are fed to cows, they can deposit viable fungus in their feces, in the event they graze on land to be rotated to peanut later on. Contact your local Extension agent or myself if you suspect you may have Sclerotinia blight.
Propulse 13.7 oz (suppression, active also for leaf spot/white mold/stem rot)
Dan Anco
Extension Peanut Specialist and Associate Professor
Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences
Clemson University – Edisto Research and Education Center
64 Research Road
Blackville, SC 29817
630-207-4926 cell