There have been issues with stands in North Carolina this spring, although some fields have great stands even when planted in late April. Others have not. Cool (cold) and wet soils can slow germination and emergence of peanuts. The longer the seed and seedlings stay in the ground the greater the negative impact soil pathogens can have on peanuts. Previous rotation that promotes soil pathogens that affect peanuts in a negative manner can have a significant impact on stand establishment. One grower, with the same environmental conditions and the same planting date, had about half as many peanuts emerge in a field with a poor rotation compared to a field with a better rotation (for peanut health.)

With that said, it can take up to 21 days for peanuts to make a stand. We have observed this in 2023 with peanuts planted around April 20. We planted peanuts at Lewiston-Woodville on May 4 and they are still making a stand. Many of the seedlings have emerged but there are some gaps. I expect these to fill in.  Peanuts planted at Rocky Mount on May 9 are just now emerging. It has been slow.

If you have given peanuts adequate time to emerge but you have less than 3 plants per foot, consider replanting as soon as possible. If you have 3 or more plants per foot, you are likely better off moving forward with the stand you have.

You will need to apply in-furrow insecticide and inoculant with your replant. You can't rely on the previous planter furrow and the products you applied earlier in the season for your second planting.

Consider using a less expensive insecticide (for example, use imidacloprid now if you applied AgLogic at the first planting) and be ready to apply acephate as soon as needed.

I don't recommend planting less than 4 seed per foot with a replant. The replant could also disturb soil and cause weeds to emerge. Consider a paraquat application behind the planter to make sure you control the weeds that have emerged. Apply more residual herbicide to make sure additional flushes of weeds are controlled for as long as possible. The planting operation can bring up non-treated soil and initiate a flush of weeds.